Connecting public indicators to planned measures
The study covers 16,888 Japanese firms with at least 101 employees that disclosed the required information. It examines hiring, managerial promotion, retention, and long working hours across industries and firm sizes, using 33,776 documents across two types of action plan to identify planned measures.
Larger challenges were associated with relevant measures
From the 25th to the 75th percentile of a challenge indicator, the change in the probability of listing a measure was 8.07 percentage points larger for measures corresponding to that challenge than for other measures. The cross-sectional comparison concerns what firms wrote in their plans and does not measure implementation or effectiveness.